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- 1. 变量 & 控制流
num = 23 str = 'aspythonstring' str = "aspythonuse" str = [[ 像 Python 的多行注释可用于 表示多行字符串一样 方便 ]]
bol = nil
while num < 50 do num = num + 1 end
if num > 40 then print('> 40') elseif s ~= 'aspython' then io.write('s is not aspython') else thisIsGlobal = 5 local line = io.read()
print('凛冬将至' .. line) end
foo = anUnknownVariable
aBoolValue = false
if not aBoolValue then print('false') end
ans = aBoolValue and 'yes' or 'no'
karlSum = 0 for i = 1, 100 do karlSum = karlSum + i end
for j = 100, 1, -2 then print(j) end
num = 23 repeat print('凡人必有一死') num = num - 1 until num == 0
- 2. 函数
function fib(n) if n < 2 then return 1 end return fib(n - 2) + fib(n - 1) end
function adder(x) return function (y) return x + y end end a1 = adder(9) a2 = adder(36) print(a1(16)) print(a2(64))
x, y, z = 1, 2, 3, 4 function bar(a, b, c) print(a, b, c) return 4, 8, 15, 16, 23, 42 end x, y = bar('zaphod')
function f(x) return x * x end f = function (x) return x * x end
print 'Hello World!'
- 3. 表(Table)
t = {key1 = 'value1', key2 = false}
print(t.key1) t.key3 = {} t.key2 = nil
u = {['@!#'] = 'qbert', [{}] = 1729, [6.28] = 'tau'} print(u[6.28]) a = u['@!#'] b = u[{}]
function h(x) print(x.key1) end h{key1 = 'Sonmi~451'}
for key, val in pairs(u) do print(key, val) end
print(_G['_G'] == _G)
v = {'value1', 'value2', 1.21, 'gigawatts'} for i = 1, #v do print(v[i]) end
- 3.1 Metatables & metamethods
f1 = {a = 1, b = 2} f2 = {a = 2, b = 3}
mm = {} function mm.__add(x, y) sum = {} sum.a = x.a + y.a sum.b = x.b + y.b return sum end
setmetatable(f1, mm) setmetatable(f2, mm)
s = f1 + f2
defaultFavs = {animal = 'gru', food = 'donuts'} myFavs = {food = 'pizza'} setmetatable(myFavs, {__index = defaultFavs}) food = myFavs.food
- 3.2 类风格的 Table 与继承
Dog = {} function Dog:new() newObj = {sound = 'woof'} self.__index = self return setmetatable(newObj, self) end function Dog:makeSound() print('I say ' .. self.sound) end
mrDog = Dog:new() mrDog:makeSound()
LoudDog = Dog:new() function LoudDog:makeSound() s = self.sound .. ' ' print(s .. s .. s) end seymour = LoudDog:new() seymour:makeSound()
- 4. 模块
local M = {}
local function sayMyName() print('Hrunkner') end
function M.sayHello() print('Why hello there') sayMyName() end return M
local mod = require('mod')
local mod = (function()
end)()
mod.sayHello() mod.sayMyName()
local a = require("mod2") local b = require("mod2")
dofile("mod2") dofile("mod2")
f = loadfile('mod2.lua') f()
f = loadstring("print('Lua is cool!')") f()
- 5. 参考,略
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